Research article

Porous material energy absorbing structure based on spider web biomimetic structure

School of Civil Engineering, Harbin University, Harbin 150000, China

^* e-mail: wangjingyan202208@126.com

Received: 14 December 2023
Accepted: 1 April 2024

Abstract

In the context of environmental protection and energy conservation, it is of great practical significance to study the design of porous material energy absorbing structures on the ground of spider web biomimetic structures. This study designs a porous material energy absorbing structure on the ground of a biomimetic spider web structure. Through in-depth research and experiments, the characteristics of this structure in efficient energy absorption are demonstrated. It has three types of energy absorbing structures: simple design, spiral and composite. The experimental data showed that the simple structure exhibited an energy absorption of 50 mJ under a 5J impact force, with an energy absorption efficiency of 10 mJ/g. At a 20J impact force, the energy absorption reached 200 mJ and the energy absorption efficiency was 40 mJ/g. Under parameter optimization, the cross-sectional diameter of the spiral and the cross-sectional area of the radial significantly affected the energy absorption effect. Reducing the cross-sectional diameter of the spiral from 0.55 mm to 0.45 mm would result in a decrease in energy absorption from 1.775J to 1.59J. When the cross-sectional area of the radial line changed from 0.5 to 0.45, the energy absorption effect decreased from 1.775J to 1.644J. Under static load, the composite structure had a 700 N triggering force and lower peak stress compared to the spiral structure under a compression displacement of 10 mm without compaction. The comprehensive performance of the composite structure is superior. This study provides a reference for designing more efficient and reliable energy absorbing materials, and the results have theoretical significance and practical application value. On the ground of experimental data and conclusions, biomimetic spider web structures can achieve safe, efficient, and reliable energy absorption protection in modern industrial applications, providing important theoretical support and technical guidance. The study of the energy absorption structure of porous materials based on spider web biosimulation has important theoretical and practical value in improving the safety, efficiency, and reliability of modern industrial applications. It provides a new direction and strategy for the development and application of high-performance energy absorption materials.