Table 3.
Multi-components of metallic alloys and AM fabrication processes.
| Alloy | Compositions | Processes | Laser type | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ti-based | Ti–6Al–4V | DMD | CO2 laser, 6 KW | Tensile strength 1163 ± 22 MPa, yield strength 1105 ± 19 MPa, ductility 4% (as deposited); tensile strength 1045 ± 16 MPa, yield strength 959 ± 12 MPa, ductility 10.5 ± 1% (950 °C annealed) |
| Ti-based | Ti–6Al–4V | LM | Ytterbium fiber laser, 200 W | Approximately 100% density; tensile strength > 1000 MPa |
| Ti-based | Ti–6Al–4V | LMD | Nd: YAG laser | Tensile strength 1211 ± 31 MPa; yield strength 1100 ± 12 MPa |
| Ni-based | Inconel 625 (Ni–22Cr–5Fe–3.5Nb–9Mo–0.4Al–0.4Ti–0.1C) | LM | Continuous wave fiber laser | Ultimate tensile strength 1030 ± 50 MPa (horizontal) and 1070 ± 60 MPa (vertical); 0.2% yield strength 800 ± 20 MPa (horizontal) and 720 ± 30 MPa (vertical); Young’s modulus 204.24 ± 4.12 MPa (horizontal) and 140.66 ± 8.67 MPa (vertical); elongation about 8–10% |
| Ni-based | Inconel 718 (Ni–19Cr–18Fe–0.5Al–1Ti3Mo–5Nb–0.042C) | LMD | Continuous wave CO2 laser, 5 KW | Tensile strength 845 MPa (as deposited) and 1240 MPa (heat treated); 0.2% yield strength 590 MPa (as deposited) and 1133 MPa (heat treated); elongation 11% and reduction in area 26% |
| Fe-based | Stainless steel Inox 904L | LM | Continuous wave fiber laser | Successful fabrication of 20 × 20 × 5 mm object with 140 μm thick inner compartment wall |
| Fe-based | High-speed steel M2 | LS | Continuous wave CO2 laser | Maximum density 88.2% |
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