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Table 5

ANOVA results of RSM model for springback.

Source Sum of squares df Mean square F-value P-value Remarks
Model 1893.920 14 135.280 46.400 <0.0001 Significant
A-foil thickness 34.910 1 34.910 11.970 0.0013 Significant
B-punch stroke 119.870 1 119.870 41.120 <0.0001 Significant
C-punching frequency 184.980 1 184.980 63.450 <0.0001 Significant
D-grain size 88.690 1 88.690 30.420 <0.0001 Significant
AB 27.140 1 27.140 9.310 0.0040 Significant
AC 42.120 1 42.120 14.450 0.0005 Significant
AD 29.600 1 29.600 10.150 0.0028 Significant
BC 2.130 1 2.130 0.730 0.3976 Not significant
BD 15.590 1 15.590 5.350 0.0259 Significant
CD 21.870 1 21.870 7.500 0.0091 Significant
A2 4.100 1 4.100 1.410 0.2426 Not significant
B2 51.750 1 51.750 17.750 0.0001 Significant
C2 3.650 1 3.650 1.250 0.2698 Not significant
D2 9.750 1 9.750 3.340 0.0748 Not significant
Residual 119.530 41 2.920      
Lack of Fit 104.490 32 3.270 1.950 0.1449 Not significant
Pure Error 15.040 9 1.670      
Cor Total 2013.450 55        
Std. Dev. 1.710   R2 0.9406  
Mean 0.540   Adj R2 0.9204  
C.V. % 318.480   Pred R2 0.8921  
PRESS 217.300   Adeq Precision 29.0290  

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