Research article

Modeling and analysis of process parameters in EDM of Ni₃₅Ti₃₅Zr₁₅Cu₁₀Sn₅ high-temperature high entropy shape memory alloy by RSM Approach

¹ Department of Mechanical Techniques, Technical Institute of Babylon, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University (ATU), Najaf 54003, Iraq
² Department of Metallurgical Engineering, College of Materials Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon 51002, Iraq

^* e-mail: mohammedali_jabur@yahoo.co; mohammed.dakhil@atu.edu.iq
^** e-mail: mat.saad.hameed@uobabylon.edu.iq

Received: 17 August 2023
Accepted: 4 January 2024

Abstract

The Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) technique demonstrates proficiency in fabricating precise and intricate geometries, especially in challenging-to-machine materials like high-entropy shape memory alloys. Analyzing and optimizing machining parameters are crucial for their direct impact on mechanical properties and overall product efficiency. The main responses chosen to evaluate the processes are material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness (Ra). At the same time, the associated machining conditions were discharge current (I_p), pulse-on time (T_on), and pulse-off time (T_off). EDM is a multi-response process; therefore, the method of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is utilized to assess the influence of machining parameters on Ni₃₅Ti₃₅Zr₁₅Cu₁₀Sn₅ (at%) high-temperature high entropy shape memory alloy (HT-HE-SMA) using a copper electrode. Based on a center composite design (CCD), experiments were analyzed using Minitab19 software. To identify the most influential parameters, a thorough analysis of variance (ANOVA) at various significance levels (5%) was performed, checking the sufficiency of all fitted second-order regression models. Discharge current, pulse-on time, and pulse-off time were identified as significant factors that affect output (MRR, EWR, and Ra). The model adequacy of the current experimental investigation is perfect, with determination coefficients (R²) of 97.82% for MRR, 95.36% for EWR, and 99.53% for Ra.