Open Access
Review

Table 11.

Expected outcomes with respect to the implementation of the strategic alternatives.

Environmental challenges Major sources Impact/risks assessment Strategic alternatives Expected outcomes
Solid Waste Generation Chips/swarf generated from machining
  • Environmental damage (Land pollution basically)

  • Occupational risk due to lack of safety

Solid waste management by recycling with proper handling of chips/swarf
  • Making money

  • Better occupational health and safety

  • Less space consumption for storage

Grinding dust/sludge Environmental damage affecting land and water Grinding sludge treatment (Briquette technology)
  • Recover of metallic component

  • Recover of coolant

  • Less pollutant discharge level

Air Pollution (stack emission characteristics and fugitive air characteristics) Heat treatment shop
  • GHG emission due to carburizing and quenching (salt bath)

  • Occupational risk due to smoke

Plasma carburization
  • Reduced GHG emission

  • Elimination of oil waste

  • Reduction of production time

  • Less dimensional alterations and distortions

  • Better workplace

  • Less energy consumption

Diesel generator sets (particularly set 2)
  • GHG emission

  • Occupational risk due to smoke

Hybrid energy system including at least one renewable energy source
  • Less GHG emission

  • Better workplace

High capacity centrifugal furnaces
  • GHG emission

  • Occupational risk due to smoke

Proper utilization of furnaces, installation of 100 kg furnaces
  • Reduced GHG emission

  • Better workplace

Noise Pollution Machining, grinding, hammering and diesel generator Miscommunication, stress, anxiety and hearing loss Preventive maintenance of machines A significant amount of sound/noise reduction may be achievable
Blocking of noise transmission paths
Use of rubber cushions for mounting
Proper clamping
Dust extractor Miscommunication Use of rubber cushions for mounting Overall sound reduction may be possible almost 15–18 db(A) (as per expert’s view)
Replacing the bearings of fan
Tightening loose fittings

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