Open Access
Table 1.
Summary of the main features of joining by forming and by welding.
Joining by forming | Joining by welding | |
---|---|---|
Mechanism | Plastic deformation | Melting with addition of filler materials |
Shape of the connections | Arbitrary geometries | Limited to butt, lap, corner and edge joints |
Operating temperature | Ambient | Melting point |
Heat-affected zones | No | Yes |
Shielding gases | No | Yes |
Materials | Metals and polymers | Metals (similar) |
Coated materials | Possible | Very difficult or impossible |
Energy consumption | Less | More |
Productivity | More | Less |
Cost | Less | More |
Environmental friendliness | More | Less |
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