Open Access
Review
Table 4
Properties of composites based on carbides.
| Reinforcement | Production approach | Properties achieved | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| B4C | Plasma activated sintering | Al-7075/B4C composite sintered at 530°C for 3 min had Hardness 181.6 HV, bending strength 1100.3 MPa, compression yield strength 878.0 MPa and fracture strength 469.3 MPa | [8] |
| B4C | Plasma activated sintering | At 7.5 wt.% B4C, the Vickers hardness, bending strength, and compressive strength of the consolidated samples were 184.3 HV, 813 MPa, and 895 MPa, respectively | [9] |
| SiC, Cr | Squeeze casting | The addition of Cr particles remarkably improved the mechanical properties and thermo-physical properties of the 50%SiC+5%Cr composite in comparison to the 50%SiC and 55%SiC composites. For 50%SiC+5%Cr thermal conductivity is 145 W m−1k−1, thermal expansion is 10.8 × 10−6 °C−1, bending strength is 821 MPa |
[21] |
| TiC | Stir casting | With the addition of ceramic content, the bending strength of AA 7075-7.5 wt.% TiC composites had significantly increased by 5.8 times when compared to monolithic AA 7075 alloy | [27] |
| SiC, MOS2,Gr,hBN | Stir casting | Composite having 5%SiC, 5%Gr had VHN 176, UTS 247.21 MPa, compression strength 61.74 MPa with very good wear resistance | [31] |
| SiC | Stir casting | Under 0.10 mm/rev and 20 m/min drilling conditions and using high speed steel drill, surface roughness values for matrix, 5% SiC, 10% SiC, and 15% SiC-reinforced composites were obtained as 2.57, 2.59, 2.61, and 2.64 mm respectively. An increase in the quantity of SiCp results in a very crucial deterioration quality of the drilled hole |
[34] |
| SiC, Graphene | Stir casting | Al7075 HMMC with (15%SiC + 1%Graphene) had VHN 94.8, UTS 266.62, impact strength 1.4 J, wear rate 77.5 microns | [36] |
| SiC | Stir casting | Each category of MMCs with varying quantity of SiC had significantly different heat capacity (Cp) values. MMCs had lower specific heat values than the alloy |
[50] |
| SiC | Stir casting | Co-efficient of thermal expansion of AA7075/SiCp composites characterized under identical conditions varies significantly and composites exhibit lower co-efficient of thermal expansion values than the alloy. Reinforcing SiC produces MMC with low co-efficient of thermal expansion |
[51] |
| n-SiC | PM | 25 to 35% and 35 to 44% drop in the hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the composites is observed as compared to alloy | [52] |
| n-SiC | Friction stir welding | The joints produced with rotational speed of 1250 rpm and traveling speeds of 40 and 50 mm/min, had the highest mechanical properties. Owing to the presence of n-SiCp, at 1250 rpm and 40 mm/min, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and percentage of elongation were improved by 31% and 76.1% respectively |
[57] |
| n-SiC | Ultra sonic assisted semisolid stirring | Yield, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the rheoformed cylinder components of the n-SiC/7075 Al composite without T6 are 264 MPa, 357 MPa and elongation of 7.5% respectively. n-SiC/AA7075 composite exhibited yield strength of 381 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 478 MPa and elongation of 8.5% |
[58] |
| SiC | Spray deposition | Superplastic deformation characteristics of spray deposited 7075Al/15%SiCp composites are found at temperature of 450°C and strain rate range of 0.001- 0.1 s−1 with strain rate sensitivity of 0.72. The optimum parameters of hot working for the composites are obtained to be temperature of 430−450°C and strain rate of 0.001-0.05 s−1 |
[59] |
| SiC | Centrifugal casting | At low sliding speed (2 m/s) and load (15 N) conditions, the abrasive wear and matrix cracking are found to be dominant in comparison to the multi-mode wear mechanisms such as tribo oxidation, abrasive wear, third body wear and delamination wear are operative at higher load and speed conditions. | [61] |
| SiC,B4C,Al2O3,TiB2 | Stir casting | Al7075-15% B4C composite materials exhibit greater hardness property of 164 BHN as compared to the other reinforced composites. The tensile test shows that the Al7075-15% B4C has excellent ultimate tensile strength of 261 MPa when compared to other ceramic reinforced MMCs. Highest impact strength of 11 N-m has been seen in the composite reinforced with B4C. Age hardening of composite specimens has improved the tensile strength of the aluminium metal matrix composites from 261 MPa to 271 MPa |
[62] |
| SiC | FSP | The rotation speed and pass number of 52.9% and 13.1%, respectively, have the greatest impact on tool wear. Traverse speed with more than 55% had the most effect on micro hardness comparatively. The micro hardness reached the highest level of 127.24 Vickers |
[65] |
| n-SiC | Stir casting | it is noticed that by increasing wt.% of SiC leads to increased Ra and decreased MRR | [66] |
| SiC | Stir casting | reduction of 30% − 40% are observed in values of coefficient of friction and wear rates for composite in comparison to alloy. With increase in sliding speeds, the values of coefficient of friction and wear rates for both Al alloy and composites also increase |
[67] |
| SiC, B4C | Liquid pressing | The hybrid composite exhibited dynamic compressive strength over 1.5 GPa, along with a good total strain of 11.7% | [71] |
| B4C | Blended powder semisolid forming | Composites with 20 µm AA7075 and 20% (volume fraction) 45 µm B4C powder pressed under 100 MPa exhibited HV 190 and compressive strength 336 MPa | [85] |
| B4C | Cryomilling | The heat treated sample, with a high yield strength, exhibits acceptable plasticity of 11.7% | [86] |
| n-TiC | FSP | Hardness is found to be reducing in the sintered zone in all FSP samples | [91] |
| TiC | Laser shock peening (LSP) and friction stir welding (FSW) | The CTE of composite decreased to 17.1 × 106 K−1 by increasing the LSP impact times over a wide temperature range from RT to 300°C. This value was reduced by 10% compared with that of the as-FSW 7075 Al alloy | [93] |
| B4C | One step consolidation | The Vickers hardness, compressive yield strength and fracture strength of the AA7075/B4C consolidated at 450°C were 233 HV, 724.9 MPa and 834.5 MPa respectively | [106] |
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