EDP Sciences logo
Submit your paper
Sciengine logo
Search
Menu
Home All issues Volume 13 (2026) Manufacturing Rev., 13 (2026) 8 References
Open Access
Review
Issue
Manufacturing Rev.
Volume 13, 2026
Article Number 8
Number of page(s) 24
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/mfreview/2025031
Published online 25 February 2026
  1. G. Frommeyer, E.J. Drewes, B. Engl, Physical and mechanical properties of iron-aluminium-(Mn, Si) lightweight steels, Rev. Métallurgie 97 (2000) 1245–1253 [Google Scholar]
  2. G. Frommeyer, U. Brüx, Microstructures and mechanical properties of high-strength Fe-Mn-Al-C light-weight TRIPLEX steels, Steel Res. Int. 77 (2006) 627–633 [Google Scholar]
  3. C. Mapelli, S. Barella, A. Gruttadauria, D. Mombelli, M. Bizzozero, X.Y. Veys, Decomposition in Fe−Mn−Al−C lightweight steels, Mater. Res. Technol. 9 (2020) 4604–4616 [Google Scholar]
  4. R. Rana, Low-density steels, Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. 66 (2014) 1730–1733 [Google Scholar]
  5. S. bin Bai, Y. an Chen, X. Liu, H. hu Lu, P. kang Bai, D. zhao Li, Z. quan Huang, J. Yang Li, Research status and development prospect of Fe-Mn-C-Al system low-density steels, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 25 (2023) 1537–1559 [Google Scholar]
  6. M.A. Sohrabizadeh, Y. Mazaheri, M. Sheikhi, The effects of age hardening on tribological behavior of lightweight Fe-Mn-Al-C steel, Mater. Eng. Perform. 30 (2021) 4629–4640 [Google Scholar]
  7. J. Xiong, X. Zhang, Y. Wang, Research progress on ultra-low temperature steels: a review on their composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties, Metals (Basel). 13 (2023) 1–17 [Google Scholar]
  8. J. Moon, H.Y. Ha, K.W. Kim, S.J. Park, T.H. Lee, S.D. Kim, J.H. Jang, H.H. Jo, H.U. Hong, B.H. Lee et al., A new class of lightweight, stainless steels with ultra – high strength and large ductility, Sci. Rep. (2020) 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69177-7 [Google Scholar]
  9. Chen, R. Rana, A. Haldar, R.K. Ray, Current state of Fe-Mn-Al-C low density steels, Prog. Mater. Sci. 89 (2017) 345–391 [Google Scholar]
  10. F. Czerwinski, Current trends in automotive lightweighting strategies and materials, Materials (Basel). 14 (2021), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216631 [Google Scholar]
  11. A. Mondal, D. Pilone, A. Brotzu, F. Felli, Effect of composition and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of Fe Mn Al steels, Frat. ed Integrita Strutt. 16 (2022) 624–633 [Google Scholar]
  12. R.A. Couperthwaite, L.A. Cornish, I.A. Mwamba, Cold-spray coating of an Fe-40 at.% Al alloy with additions of ruthenium, J. South. African Inst. Min. Metall. 116 (2016) 927–934 [Google Scholar]
  13. V.K. Sikka, D. Wilkening, J. Liebetrau, B. Mackey, Melting and casting of FeAl-based cast alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 258 (1998) 229–235 [Google Scholar]
  14. J. Čapek, J. Kubásek, D. Vojtěch, E. Jablonská, J. Lipov, T. Ruml, Microstructural, mechanical, corrosion and cytotoxicity characterization of the hot forged FeMn30(Wt.%) alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 58 (2016) 900–908 [Google Scholar]
  15. R. Kartikasari, M. Effendy, Surface characterization of Fe-10Al-25Mn alloy for biomaterial applications, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 15 (2021) 409–415 [Google Scholar]
  16. B. Wegener, B. Sievers, S. Utzschneider, P. Müller, V. Jansson, S. Rößler, B. Nies, G. Stephani, B. Kieback, P. Quadbeck, Microstructure, cytotoxicity and corrosion of powder-metallurgical iron alloys for biodegradable bone replacement materials, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 176 (2011) 1789–1796 [Google Scholar]
  17. P.C. Astudillo, A.F. Soriano, G.M. Barona Osorio, H. Sánchez Sthepa, J. Ramos, J.F. Durán, G.A. Pérez Alcázar, Comparative study of the mechanical and tribological properties of a hadfield and a fermanal steel, Hyperfine Interact. 238 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10751-017-1422-x [Google Scholar]
  18. R.A. Howell, D.C. Van Aken, A literature review of age hardening Fe-Mn-Al-C alloys, Iron Steel Technol. 6 (2009) 193–212 [Google Scholar]
  19. M. Sabzi, M. Farzam, Hadfield manganese austenitic steel: a review of manufacturing processes and properties, Mater. Res. Express 6 (2019), https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab3ee3 [Google Scholar]
  20. P. Jimbert, T. Guraya, I. Kaltzakorta, T. Gutiérrez, R. Elvira, L. Tafaghodi Khajavi, Different phenomena encountered during dilatometry of low-density steels, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 31 (2022) 2878–2888 [Google Scholar]
  21. S.P.O. Brien, J. Christudasjustus, L. Esteves, S. Vijayan, J.R. Jinschek, N. Birbilis, G.R. K, A low-cost, low-density, and corrosion resistant AlFeMnSi compositionally complex alloy, npj Mater. Degrad. (2021) 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41529-021-00158-5 [Google Scholar]
  22. M.B. Kannan, R.K.S. Raman, S. Khoddam, Comparative studies on the corrosion properties of a Fe-Mn-Al-Si steel and An., Corros. Sci. 50 (2008) 2879–2884 [Google Scholar]
  23. K.K. Ko, H.S. Son, C.H. Jung, H.J. Bae, E.H. Park, J.G. Kim, H. Choi, J.B. Seol, Manufacturing of Fe-Mn-Al-C based low Mn lightweight steel via direct energy deposition, J. Korean Powder Metall. Inst. 29 (2022) 320–324 [Google Scholar]
  24. M. Opiela, A. Grajcar, W. Krukiewicz, Corrosion behaviour of Fe-Mn-Si-Al austenitic steel in chloride solution, J. Achiev. Mater. Manuf. Eng. 33 (2009) 159–165 [Google Scholar]
  25. Y. Tang, B. Li, H. Shi, Y. Guo, S. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, R. Liu, Simultaneous improvement of corrosion and wear resistance of Fe−Mn−Al−C lightweight steels: the role of Cr/Mo, Mater. Charact. 205 (2023) 1–16 [Google Scholar]
  26. W. He, B. lei Wang, Y. Yang, Y. hu Zhang, L. Duan, Z. ping Luo, C. jiang Song, Q. jie Zhai, Microstructure and mechanical behavior of a low-density Fe-12Mn-9Al-1.2C steel prepared using centrifugal casting under near-rapid solidification, J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 25 (2018) 830–838 [Google Scholar]
  27. S.-H. Li, P. Kumar, S. Chandra, U. Rhamamurty, Directed energy deposition of metals: processing, microstructures, and mechanical properties, Int. Mater. Rev. 68 (2023) 605–647 [Google Scholar]
  28. J. Moon, H.Y. Ha, S.J. Park, T.H. Lee, J.H. Jang, C.H. Lee, H.N. Han, H.U. Hong, Effect of Mo and Cr additions on the microstructure, mechanical properties and pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic Fe-30Mn-10.5Al-1.1C lightweight steels, J. Alloys Compd. 775 (2019) 1136–1146 [Google Scholar]
  29. G. Tsay, C. Lin, C. Chao, T. Liu, A new austenitic FeMnAlCrC alloy with high-strength, high-ductility, and moderate corrosion resistance, Mater. Trans. 51 (2010) 2318–2321 [Google Scholar]
  30. Y.H. Tuan, C.S. Wang, C.Y. Tsai, C.G. Chao, T.F. Liu, Corrosion behaviors of austenitic Fe- 30 Mn−7 Al−XCr−1 C alloys in 3.5% NaCl solution, Mater. Chem. Phys. J. 114 (2009) 595–598 [Google Scholar]
  31. C.S. Wang, C.Y. Tsai, C.G. Chao, T.F. Liu, Effect of chromium content on corrosion behaviors of Fe-9Al-30Mn-(3, 5, 6.5, 8)Cr-1C alloys, Mater. Trans. 48 (2007) 2973–2977 [Google Scholar]
  32. X. Xu, H. Cheng, W. Wu, Z. Liu, X. Li, Stress corrosion cracking behavior and mechanism of Fe-Mn-Al-C-Ni high specific strength steel in the marine atmospheric environment, Corros. Sci. 191 (2021) 109760 [Google Scholar]
  33. W. Aperador, S. Lizarazo, A. Mejia, Biomaterials based in fermanal steel, an option to the surgical implants manufacturing, Rev. Mex. Ing. Quim. 12 (2013) 337–344 [Google Scholar]
  34. Y.C. Chen, C.L. Lin, C.G. Chao, T.F. Liu, Excellent enhancement of corrosion properties of Fe-9AI-30Mn-1.8C Alloy in 3.5% NaCl and 10% HCl aqueous solutions using gas nitriding treatment, J. Alloys Compd. 633 (2015) 137–144 [Google Scholar]
  35. S.J. Hsueh, J.Y. Huang, C.G. Chao, J.Y. Juang, T.F. Liu, Mechanical behavior and electrochemical stability of gas-nitrided FeMnAlC Alloy in simulated body fluid, Mater. Lett. 216 (2018) 150–153 [Google Scholar]
  36. J. Chihuaque, C. Patiño-Carachure, J.O. Téllez-Vázquez, A. Torres-Islas, G. Rosas, Microstructural evaluation during mechanical alloying and air consolidation of Fe3Al+(Li, Ni and C) intermetallic, Acta Microsc. 19 (2010) 305–311 [Google Scholar]
  37. R. Gorejová, L. Haverová, R. Oriňaková, A. Oriňak, M. Oriňak, Recent advancements in Fe-based biodegradable materials for bone repair, J. Mater. Sci. 54 (2019) 1913–1947 [Google Scholar]
  38. K. Chauhan, J. Karloopia, R.S. Walia, M. Dhanda, Recent advances in magnesium alloys and its composites for bioimplant applications: processing, matrix, reinforcement, and corrosion perspectives, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 0 (2024) 1–42 [Google Scholar]
  39. S. Gambaro, C. Paternoster, B. Occhionero, J. Fiocchi, C.A. Biffi, A. Tuissi, D. Mantovani, Mechanical and degradation behavior of three Fe-Mn-C alloys for potential biomedical applications, Mater. Today Commun. 27 (2021) 102250 [Google Scholar]
  40. K. Jaraba, A. Mahapatro, Influence of metal processing on microstructure and properties: implications for biodegradable metals—a mini review, Metals (Basel). 13 (2023) https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101635 [Google Scholar]
  41. Y. Li, J. Shen, F. Li, H. Yang, S. Kano, Y. Matsukawa, Y. Satoh, H. Fu, H. Abe, T. Muroga, Effects of fabrication processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of oxide dispersion strengthening steels, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 654 (2016) 203–212 [Google Scholar]
  42. D. Carluccio, C. Xu, J. Venezuela, Y. Cao, D. Kent, M. Bermingham, A.G. Demir, B. Previtali, Q. Ye, M. Dargusch, Additively manufactured iron-manganese for biodegradable porous load-bearing bone scaffold applications, Acta Biomater. 103 (2020) 346–360 [Google Scholar]
  43. I.O. Felice, J. Shen, A.F.C. Barragan, I.A.B. Moura, B. Li, B. Wang, H. Khodaverdi, M. Mohri, N. Schell, E. Ghafoori et al., Wire and arc additive manufacturing of Fe-based shape memory alloys: microstructure, mechanical and functional behavior, Mater. Des. 231 (2023) 112004 [Google Scholar]
  44. I. Ferretto, D. Kim, W.J. Lee, E. Hosseini, N.M. della Ventura, A. Sharma, C. Sofras, J. Capek, E. Polatidis, C. Leinenbach, Shape memory and mechanical properties of a Fe-Mn-Si-based shape memory alloy: effect of crystallographic texture generated during additive manufacturing, Mater. Des. 229 (2023) 111928 [Google Scholar]
  45. F. Kies, P. Köhnen, M.B. Wilms, F. Brasche, K.G. Pradeep, A. Schwedt, S. Richter, A. Weisheit, J.H. Schleifenbaum, C. Haase, Design of high-manganese steels for additive manufacturing applications with energy-absorption functionality, Mater. Des. 160 (2018) 1250–1264 [Google Scholar]
  46. R. Seede, A. Whitt, J. Ye, S. Gibbons, P. Flater, B. Gaskey, A. Elwany, R. Arroyave, I. Karaman, A lightweight Fe-Mn-Al-C austenitic steel with ultra-high strength and ductility fabricated via laser powder bed fusion, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 874 (2023) 145007 [Google Scholar]
  47. W. Wang, N. Takata, A. Suzuki, M. Kobashi, M. Kato, Design of Al-Fe-Mn alloy for both high-temperature strength and sufficient processability of laser powder bed fusion, Addit. Manuf. 68 (2023) 103524 [Google Scholar]
  48. X. Yan, S. Gao, C. Chang, H. Liao, M. Liu, Microstructure and tribological property of selective laser melted Fe-Mn-Al-C alloy, Mater. Lett. 270 (2020) 127699 [Google Scholar]
  49. S.M. Zhu, M. Tamura, K. Sakamoto, K. Iwasaki, Characterization of Fe3Al-based intermetallic alloys fabricated by mechanical alloying and HIP consolidation, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 292 (2000) 83–89 [Google Scholar]
  50. P. Goudarzi, M. Moazami-Goudarzi, A. Masoudi, Sintering, microstructure and properties of absorbable Fe-Mn-XCu alloys, Mater. Chem. Phys. 287 (2022) 126368 [Google Scholar]
  51. A.S. Yadav, S.K. Rajulapati, S.R. Meka, Nitridation of Fe-2.3 Wt.% Al alloy powder and its compaction by spark plasma sintering, Mater. Today Proc. 5 (2018) 17239–17246 [Google Scholar]
  52. Y. Koizumi, T. Tanaka, Y. Minamino, N. Tsuji, K. Mizuuchi, Y. Ohkanda, Densification and structural evolution in spark plasma sintering process of mechanically alloyed nanocrystalline Fe-23Al-6C powder, Mater. Trans. 44 (2003) 1604–1612 [Google Scholar]
  53. F. Průša, D. Vojtěch, M. Bláhová, A. Michalcová, T.F. Kubatík, J. Čížek, Structure and mechanical properties of Al-Si-Fe alloys prepared by short-term mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, Mater. Des. 75 (2015) 65–75 [Google Scholar]
  54. I. Alhamdi, A. Algamal, A. Almotari, M. Ali, U. Gandhi, A. Qattawi, Fe-Mn-Al-Ni shape memory alloy additively manufactured via laser powder bed fusion, Crystals 13 (2023), https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13101505 [Google Scholar]
  55. M. Attaran, The rise of 3-D printing: the advantages of additive manufacturing over traditional manufacturing, Bus. Horiz. 60 (2017) 677–688 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  56. M. Izadi, A. Farzaneh, M. Mohammed, I. Gibson, B. Rolfe, A review of laser engineered net shaping (LENS) build and process parameters of metallic parts, Rapid Prototyp. J. 26 (2020) 1059–1078 [Google Scholar]
  57. S. Khaple, V.V. Satya Prasad, B.R. Golla, Microstructural characterisation of Ti containing Fe-7Al-0.35C based low-density steel, Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 71 (2018) 2713–2716 [Google Scholar]
  58. L. Liu, Z. Shen, Y. Yang, C. Song, Q. Zhai, Influence of Al and C on mechanical properties of subrapidly solidified Fe-20Mn-XAl-YC low-density steels, Charact. Miner. Met. Mater. 2016 (2016) 463–468 [Google Scholar]
  59. P. Rawat, U. Prakash, V.V. Satya Prasad, Creep in high Al ferrite based low density steel, Mater. Today Proc. 44 (2020) 4138–4142 [Google Scholar]
  60. Z. Xie, W. Hui, Y. Zhang, X. Zhao, Effect of Cu and solid solution temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steels, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 18 (2022) 1307–1321 [Google Scholar]
  61. L. Zhang, R. Song, C. Zhao, F. Yang, Y. Xu, S. Peng, Evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of an austenite-ferrite Fe-Mn-Al-C steel, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 643 (2015) 183–193 [Google Scholar]
  62. C. Zhao, R. Song, L. Zhang, F. Yang, T. Kang, Effect of annealing temperature on the microstructure and tensile properties of Fe-10Mn-10Al-0.7C low-density steel, Mater. Des. 91 (2016) 348–360 [Google Scholar]
  63. J.M. Sanchez, I. Vicario, J. Albizuri, T. Guraya, E.M. Acuña, Design, microstructure and mechanical properties of cast medium entropy aluminium alloys, Sci. Rep. 9 (2019) 1–12 [Google Scholar]
  64. N. Haghdadi, M. Laleh, M. Moyle, S. Primig, Additive manufacturing of steels: a review of achievements and challenges, J. Mater. Sci. 56 (2021) 64–107 [Google Scholar]
  65. S.H. Wang, Z.Y. Liu, W.N. Zhang, G.D. Wang, J.L. Liu, G.F. Liang, Microstructure and mechanical property of strip in Fe-23Mn-3Si-3AI TWIP steel by twin roll casting, ISIJ Int. 49 (2009) 1340–1346 [Google Scholar]
  66. S.P. Chakraborty, I.G. Sharma, D.K. Bose, A study on the preparation of iron aluminium based intermetallic alloy by aluminothermic smelting technique, J. Alloys Compd. 280 (1998) 255–261 [Google Scholar]
  67. V.V. Satya Prasad, S. Khaple, R.G. Baligidad, Melting, processing, and properties of disordered Fe-Al and Fe-Al-C based alloys, Jom 66 (2014) 1785–1793 [Google Scholar]
  68. T.H. Kang, A.B. Kale, H.S. Kim, K.A. Lee, Wear properties of Fe-16Mn-10Al-5Ni-0.86C lightweight steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion, Powder Metall. 66 (2023) 593–601 [Google Scholar]
  69. D. Bairagi, S. Mandal, A comprehensive review on biocompatible Mg-based alloys as temporary orthopaedic implants: current status, challenges, and future prospects, J. Magnes. Alloy. 10 (2022) 627–669 [Google Scholar]
  70. M. Rott, Y. Li, M. Koukolíková, M. Šípová, P. Salvetr, Z. Nový, G. Wolf, J. Džugan, In-situ directed energy deposition of Al based low density steel for automotive applications, Sci. Rep. 13 (2023) 1–9 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  71. C. Song, W. Lu, K. Xie, Y. Zhang, W. Xia, K. Han, Q. Zhai, Microstructure and mechanical properties of sub-rapidly solidified Fe-18wt%Mn-C alloy strip, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 610 (2014) 145–153 [Google Scholar]
  72. O.A. Zambrano, A general perspective of Fe-Mn-Al-C steels, J. Mater. Sci. 53 (2018) 14003–14062 [Google Scholar]
  73. C.S. Mahlami, X. Pan, An overview on high manganese steel casting, in: 71st World Foundry Congr. Adv. Sustain. Foundry, WFC 2014, 2014 [Google Scholar]
  74. J.H. Shin, J.Y. Song, S.D. Kim, S.J. Park, Y.W. Ma, J.W. Lee, Microstructure, tensile, and fatigue properties of large-scale austenitic lightweight steel, Materials (Basel). 15 (2022), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15248909 [Google Scholar]
  75. L. Liu, C. Li, Y. Yang, Z. Luo, C. Song, Q. Zhai, A simple method to produce austenite-based low-density Fe-20Mn-9Al-0.75C steel by a near-rapid solidification process, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 679 (2017) 282–291 [Google Scholar]
  76. M. Opiela, G. Fojt-Dymara, Hot ductility of high-Mn steel with niobium and titanium, Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J. 18 (2024) 200–213 [Google Scholar]
  77. C. Huang, C. Hu, Y. Liu, Z. Liang, M. Huang, Recent developments and perspectives of advanced high-strength medium Mn steel: from material design to failure mechanisms, Mater. Futur. 1 (2022), https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5724/ac7fae [Google Scholar]
  78. S. Pramanik, S. Suwas, Effect of Cr and Mn addition on the microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties of ternary low-density steels, J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 29 (2020) 4435–4445 [Google Scholar]
  79. J. Xia, T. Omori, R. Kainuma, Abnormal grain growth in Fe-Mn-Al-Ni shape memory alloy with higher Al content, Scr. Mater. 187 (2020) 355–359 [Google Scholar]
  80. M. Daamen, C. Haase, J. Dierdorf, D.A. Molodov, G. Hirt, Twin-roll strip casting: a competitive alternative for the production of high-manganese steels with advanced mechanical properties, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 627 (2015) 72–81 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  81. M. Mohammadnezhad, V. Javaheri, M.N. Seftejani, M. Mohammadnezhad, V. Javaheri, M. Naseri, Effect of the molybdenum on the microstructural and mechanical properties of hadfield austenitic manganese steel genome of steel-physics for strong, tough and sustainable steel view project alloy developement view project effect of the molybdenum on the M, 2013 [Google Scholar]
  82. J. Moon, S.J. Park, J.H. Jang, T.H. Lee, C.H. Lee, H.U. Hong, H.N. Han, J. Lee, B.H. Lee, C. Lee, Investigations of the microstructure evolution and tensile deformation behavior of austenitic Fe−Mn−Al−C lightweight steels and the effect of Mo addition, Acta Mater. 147 (2018) 226–235 [Google Scholar]
  83. H.Y. Ha, K.W. Kim, S.J. Park, T.H. Lee, H. Park, J. Moon, H.U. Hong, C.H. Lee, Effects of Cr on pitting corrosion resistance and passive film properties of austenitic Fe-19Mn-12Al-1.5 C lightweight steel, Corros. Sci. 206 (2022) 110529 [Google Scholar]
  84. M. Javidani, D. Larouche, Application of cast Al-Si alloys in internal combustion engine components, Int. Mater. Rev. 59 (2014) 132–158 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  85. I. Vaibhav, S. Madhukar, Defects, root causes in casting process and their remedies: review, J. Eng. Res. Appl. 9 (2017) 24–29 [Google Scholar]
  86. M. Narasimha, S. Ramesh, Metal casting defects and prevention, Int. J. Eng. Technol. Res. 2 (2014) 12–22 [Google Scholar]
  87. J. Desai, V. Parikh, T. Shah, Reducing porosity for alloy steel casting, Int. J. Eng. Res. Technol. 2 (2013) 871–874 [Google Scholar]
  88. M. Daamen, S. Richter, G. Hirt, Microstructure analysis of high-manganese TWIP steels produced via strip casting, Key Eng. Mater. 554–557 (2013) 553–561 [Google Scholar]
  89. C. Slater, N. Hollyhoke, C. Davis, The influence of alloy composition on the As-cast grain structure in near net shape low-density steels, Ironmak. Steelmak. 46 (2019) 725–730 [Google Scholar]
  90. D.L. Josh, D.S. Easton, C.T. Liu, S.S. Babu, S.A. David, Processing of Fe 3 Al and FeAl alloys by reaction synthesis, Intermetallics 3 (1995) 467–481 [Google Scholar]
  91. D. Marini, J.R. Corney, A methodology for near net shape process feasibility assessment, Prod. Manuf. Res. 5 (2017) 390–409 [Google Scholar]
  92. C. Slater, C. Davis, Near net shape casting: is it possible to cast too thin? Metall. Mater. Trans. B Process Metall. Mater. Process. Sci. 51 (2020) 2532–2541 [Google Scholar]
  93. S.E. Fashu, Progress in net and near net shape manufacturing of metallic components using the ohno continuous casting (OCC) process, J. Mater. Sci. Eng. 8 (2019) 1–7 [Google Scholar]
  94. W. Voice, Net-shape processing applied to aero-engine components, Manuf. Technol. (2020) 1–12 [Google Scholar]
  95. R. Cominotti, E. Gentili, Near net shape technology: an innovative opportunity for the automotive industry, Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf. 24 (2008) 722–727 [Google Scholar]
  96. B.P. Bewlay, M.F.X. Gigliotti, C.U. Hardwicke, O.A. Kaibyshev, F.Z. Utyashev, G.A. Salischev, Net-shape manufacturing of aircraft engine disks by roll forming and hot die forging, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 135 (2003) 324–329 [Google Scholar]
  97. R.A. Couperthwaite, L.A. Cornish, I.A. Mwamba, M.J. Papo, Effect of processing route on the microstructure and properties of an Fe-Al alloy with additions of precious metal, Mater. Today Proc. 2 (2015) 3932–3942 [Google Scholar]
  98. A. Canakci, F. Erdemir, T. Varol, S. Ozkaya, Formation of Fe-Al intermetallic coating on low-carbon steel by a novel mechanical alloying technique, Powder Technol. 247 (2013) 24–29 [Google Scholar]
  99. J. Gu, S. Gu, L. Xue, S. Wu, Y. Yan, Microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ Al13Fe4/Al composites prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 558 (2012) 684–691 [Google Scholar]
  100. M. Krasnowski, T. Kulik, Nanocomposites obtained by mechanical alloying in Fe-Al-Ti-C system, J. Alloys Compd. 448 (2008) 227–233 [Google Scholar]
  101. L. D’Angelo, L. D’Onofrio, G. Gonzalez, Nanophase intermetallic FeAl obtained by sintering after mechanical alloying, J. Alloys Compd. 483 (2009) 154–158 [Google Scholar]
  102. C. Haase, J. Bültmann, J. Hof, S. Ziegler, S. Bremen, C. Hinke, A. Schwedt, U. Prahl, W. Bleck, Exploiting process-related advantages of selective laser melting for the production of high-manganese steel, Materials (Basel). 10 (2017) 1–14 [Google Scholar]
  103. J. Liu, T. Xie, Y. Xie, L. Xiao, Y. Lin, Microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe −30 Mn−9 Al−C−3 Ni low-density steel manufactured by selective laser melting, 33 (2024) 4280–4289 [Google Scholar]
  104. D.R. Manca, A.Y. Churyumov, A.V. Pozdniakov, D.K. Ryabov, V.A. Korolev, D.K. Daubarayte, Novel heat-resistant Al-Si-Ni-Fe alloy manufactured by selective laser melting, Mater. Lett. 236 (2019) 676–679 [Google Scholar]
  105. R. Seede, D. Shoukr, B. Zhang, A. Whitt, S. Gibbons, P. Flater, A. Elwany, R. Arroyave, I. Karaman, An ultra-high strength martensitic steel fabricated using selective laser melting additive manufacturing: densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties, Acta Mater. 186 (2020) 199–214 [Google Scholar]
  106. J. Zhang, C. Hu, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, C. Song, Q. Zhai, Microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation behavior of Cr-containing triplex low-density steels with different C content, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 23 (2023) 6075–6089 [Google Scholar]
  107. J. Zhang, C. Hu, Y. Zhang, J. Li, C. Song, Q. Zhai, Microstructures, mechanical properties and deformation of near-rapidly solidified low-density Fe-20Mn-9Al-1.2C-XCr steels, Mater. Des. 186 (2020) 1–13 [Google Scholar]
  108. P. Novák, T. Vanka, K. Nová, J. Stoulil, F. Pruša, J. Kopeček, P. Haušild, F. Laufek, Structure and properties of Fe-Al-Si alloy prepared by mechanical alloying, Materials (Basel). 12 (2019) 1–18 [Google Scholar]
  109. M. Zawrah, L. Shaw, Microstructure and hardness of nanostructured Al-Fe-Cr-Ti alloys through mechanical alloying, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 355 (2003) 37–49 [Google Scholar]
  110. M.S. El-eskandarany, Mechanical alloying for fabrication of advanced engineering materials. New York, USA: William Andrew Publishing, 2001, ISBN 081551462X [Google Scholar]
  111. C. Suryanarayana, Mechanical alloying: a novel technique to synthesize advanced materials, Research 2019 (2019) 1–17 [Google Scholar]
  112. W. Pilarczyk, R. Nowosielski, M. Jodkowski, K. Labisz, H. Krztoñ, Structure and properties of Al 67 Ti 25 Fe 8 alloy obtained by mechanical alloying, Arch. Mater. Sci. Eng. 31 (2008) 29–32 [Google Scholar]
  113. M. Krifa, M. Mhadhbi, L. Escoda, J. Saurina, J.J. Suñol, N. Llorca-Isern, C. Artieda-Guzmán, M. Khitouni, Phase transformations during mechanical alloying of Fe-30% Al-20% Cu, Powder Technol. 246 (2013) 117–124 [Google Scholar]
  114. G.H. Fair, V. Wood, Mechanical alloying of iron-aluminium intermetallics, Powder Metall. 36 (1993) 123–128 [Google Scholar]
  115. M. Vaidya, G.M. Muralikrishna, B.S. Murty, High-entropy alloys by mechanical alloying: a review, J. Mater. Res. 34 (2019) 664–686 [Google Scholar]
  116. M.C. Gao, P.K. Liaw, J.W. Yeh, Y. Zhang, High-entropy alloys: fundamentals and applications. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016; ISBN 9783319270135 [Google Scholar]
  117. H. Liu, W. Tang, Y. Wang, C. Liu, G. Xu, Z. Zheng, Structural evolutions of the Fe-40Al-5Cr powders during mechanical alloying and subsequent heat treatment, J. Alloys Compd. 506 (2010) 963–968 [Google Scholar]
  118. K. Wolski, G. Le Caër, P. Delcroix, R. Fillit, F. Thévenot, J. Le Coze, Influence of milling conditions on the FeAl intermetallic formation by mechanical alloying, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 207 (1996) 97–104 [Google Scholar]
  119. M. Baig, H. Rizk, A. Hossain, A thermo-mechanical responses of nanocrystalline Al – Fe alloy processed using mechanical alloying and high frequency heat induction sintering, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 655 (2016) 132–141 [Google Scholar]
  120. M. Krasnowski, H. Matyja, Structural investigations of the Al50Fe25Ti25 powder mixture mechanically alloyed under various conditions, J. Alloys Compd. 319 (2001) 296–302 [Google Scholar]
  121. C. Suryanarayana, N. Al-Aqeeli, Mechanically alloyed nanocomposites, Prog. Mater. Sci. 58 (2013) 383–502 [Google Scholar]
  122. S.E. Haghighi, K. Janghorban, S. Izadi, Structural evolution of Fe-50 at.% Al powders during mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing processes, J. Alloys Compd. 495 (2010) 260–264 [Google Scholar]
  123. M. Ghadimi, A. Shokuhfar, H.R. Rostami, M. Ghaffari, Effects of milling and annealing on formation and structural characterization of nanocrystalline intermetallic compounds from Ni-Ti elemental powders, Mater. Lett. 80 (2012) 181–183 [Google Scholar]
  124. F. Hadef, A. Otmani, A. Djekoun, J.M. Grenèche, The formation mechanism of mechanically alloyed Fe-20 At% Al powder, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 326 (2013) 261–265 [Google Scholar]
  125. P. Novák, T. Kubatík, J. Vystrčil, R. Hendrych, J. Kříž, J. Mlynár, D. Vojtěch, Powder metallurgy preparation of Al-Cu-Fe quasicrystals using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, Intermetallics 52 (2014) 131–137 [Google Scholar]
  126. Z. Kong, Z. Wang, B. Chen, Y. Li, R. Li, Effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and properties of high-silicon-aluminum composite, Materials (Basel). 16 (2023) 1–14 [Google Scholar]
  127. P. Haušild, J. Čech, V. Kadlecová, M. Karlík, F. Průša, K. Nová, P. Novák, J. Kopeček, Technological aspects of Fe-Al-Si intermetallic alloy preparation by mechanical alloying, Key Eng. Mater. 810 KEM (2019) 101–106 [Google Scholar]
  128. P. Nováka, F. Průša, K. Nová, A. Bernatiková, P. Salvetr, J. Kopeček, P. Haušild, Application of mechanical alloying in synthesis of intermetallics, Acta Phys. Pol. A 134 (2018) 720–723 [Google Scholar]
  129. K. Nová, P. Novák, F. Průša, J. Kopeček, J. Čech, Synthesis of intermetallics in Fe-Al-Si system by mechanical alloying, Metals (Basel). 9 (2019), https://doi.org/10.3390/met9010020 [Google Scholar]
  130. O.N.C. Uwakweh, Z. Liu, Kinetics and phase transformation evaluation of Fe-Zn-Al mechanically alloyed phases, Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 28A (1997) 517–525 [Google Scholar]
  131. D.A. Eelman, J.R. Dahn, G.R. MacKay, R.A. Dunlap, An investigation of mechanically alloyed Fe-Al, J. Alloys Compd. 266 (1998) 234–240 [Google Scholar]
  132. S.M. Zhu, K. Iwasaki, Characterization of mechanically alloyed ternary Fe-Ti-Al powders, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 270 (1999) 170–177 [Google Scholar]
  133. W.M. Tang, Z.X. Zheng, H.J. Tang, R. Ren, Y.C. Wu, Structural evolution and grain growth kinetics of the Fe-28Al elemental powder during mechanical alloying and annealing, Intermetallics 15 (2007) 1020–1026 [Google Scholar]
  134. M. Zarezadeh Mehrizi, A. Saidi, M. Shamanian, Fe3Al/TiC nanocomposite produced by mechanical alloying, Powder Metall. 54 (2011) 408–411 [Google Scholar]
  135. H.I. Gharsallah, A. Sekri, M. Azabou, L. Escoda, J.J. Suñol, M. Khitouni, Structural and thermal study of nanocrystalline Fe-Al-B alloy prepared by mechanical alloying, Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 46 (2015) 3696–3704 [Google Scholar]
  136. D. Panda, P. Bhuyan, L. Kumar, S.N. Alam, Synthesis of Fe 3 Al intermetallic compound by mechanical alloying, Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 42 (2017) 4427–4437 [Google Scholar]
  137. H.I. Gharsallah, M. Azabou, L. Escoda, J.J. Suñol, I. López, N. Llorca-Isern, M. Khitouni, The magnetic and structural properties of nanostructured (Fe75Al25) 100-XBx alloys prepared by mechanical alloying, J. Alloys Compd. 729 (2017) 776–786 [Google Scholar]
  138. P. Haušild, M. Karlík, J. Čech, F. Průša, K. Nová, P. Novák, P. Minárik, J. Kopeček, Preparation of Fe-Al-Si intermetallic compound by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, Acta Phys. Pol. A 134 (2018) 724–728 [Google Scholar]
  139. P. Novák, Z. Barták, K. Nová, F. Průša, Effect of nickel and titanium on properties of Fe-Al-Si alloy prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering, Materials (Basel). 13 (2020) 1–14 [Google Scholar]
  140. V.K. Jain, M.K. Yadav, A.N. Siddiquee, Z.A. Khan, C. Sharma, Synthesis of Fe-Al intermetallic by mechanical alloying process, J. Inst. Eng. Ser. D 103 (2022) 621–628 [Google Scholar]
  141. M. Sinha, S. Ahad, A.K. Chaudhry, S. Ghosh, Kinetic constraints of δ-ferrite to the formation of kappa (κ) carbide in a Fe-4Mn-9Al-0.3C Wt Pct low-density steel, Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 51 (2020) 809–817 [Google Scholar]
  142. X. Lingzhi, X. Zhigang, Q. Yunzhe, L. Jinrong, H. Peng, S. Qiang, W. Chuanbin, Effect of ball milling time on the microstructure and compressive properties of the Fe-Mn-Al porous steel, Int. J. Miner., Metall. Mater. 30 (2023) 917–929 [Google Scholar]
  143. N. Rahulan, S.S. Sharma, N. Rakesh, R. Sambhu, A short review on mechanical properties of SLM titanium alloys based on recent research works, Mater. Today Proc. 56 (2022) A7-A12 [Google Scholar]
  144. A. Andreu, S. Kim, I. Kim, J.H. Kim, J. Noh, S. Lee, W. Lee, P.C. Su, Y.J. Yoon, Processing challenges and delamination prevention methods in titanium-steel DED 3D printing, Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. – Green Technol. (2024), https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-024-00598-9 [Google Scholar]
  145. Č. Donik, J. Kraner, A. Kocijan, I. Paulin, M. Godec, Evolution of the ɛ and γ phases in biodegradable Fe-Mn alloys produced using laser powder-bed fusion, Sci. Rep. 11 (2021) 1–10 [NASA ADS] [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  146. C. Sun, Y. Wang, M.D. McMurtrey, N.D. Jerred, F. Liou, J. Li, Additive manufacturing for energy: a review, Appl. Energy 282 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116041 [Google Scholar]
  147. C. Sun, Y. Wang, M.D. McMurtrey, N.D. Jerred, F. Liou, J. Li, Additive manufacturing for energy: a review, Appl. Energy 282 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116041 [Google Scholar]
  148. L. Del-Río, M.L. Nó, R. Gómez, L. García-Sesma, E. Urionabarrenetxea, P. Ortega, A.M. Mancisidor, M. San Sebastian, N. Burgos, J.M. San Juan, Additive manufacturing of Fe-Mn-Si-based shape memory alloys: state of the art, challenges and opportunities, Materials (Basel). 16 (2023), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16247517 [Google Scholar]
  149. T.M. Pollock, A.J. Clarke, S.S. Babu, Design and tailoring of alloys for additive manufacturing, Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 51 (2020) 6000–6019 [Google Scholar]
  150. S.I. Shakil, L. González-Rovira, L. Cabrera-Correa, J. de Dios López-Castro, M. Castillo-Rodríguez, F.J. Botana, M. Haghshenas, Insights into laser powder bed fused scalmalloy®: investigating the correlation between micromechanical and macroscale properties, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 25 (2023) 4409–4424 [Google Scholar]
  151. C. Turangi, F. Häslich, M. Schaefer, J. Nomani, T. Pasang, U. Jehring, T. Weißgärber, Mechanical properties and microstructure of cold-rolled scalmalloy® (Al-4.5Mg-0.6Sc-0.3Zr Alloy) at a low reduction in thickness, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2345 (2022) 0–8 [Google Scholar]
  152. X. Niu, S. Singh, A. Garg, H. Singh, B. Panda, X. Peng, Q. Zhang, Review of materials used in laser-aided additive manufacturing processes to produce metallic products, Front. Mech. Eng. 14 (2019) 282–298 [Google Scholar]
  153. P. Renner, S. Jha, Y. Chen, A. Raut, S.G. Mehta, H. Liang, A review on corrosion and wear of additively manufactured alloys, J. Tribol. 143 (2021) 1–18 [Google Scholar]
  154. D.R. dos Santos, V.A. Rodrigues Henriques, C.A. Alves Cairo, M. dos Santos Pereira, Production of a low young modulus titanium alloy by powder metallurgy, Mater. Res. 8 (2005) 439–442 [Google Scholar]
  155. Y.P. Feng, N. Gaztelumendi, J. Fornell, H.Y. Zhang, P. Solsona, M.D. Baró, S. Suriñach, E. Ibáñez, L. Barrios, E. Pellicer et al., Mechanical properties, corrosion performance and cell viability studies on newly developed porous Fe-Mn-Si-Pd alloys, J. Alloys Compd. 724 (2017) 1046–1056 [Google Scholar]
  156. Y.L. Hao, S.J. Li, R. Yang, Biomedical titanium alloys and their additive manufacturing, Rare Met. 35 (2016) 661–671 [Google Scholar]
  157. N. Soni, G. Renna, P. Leo, Advancements in metal processing additive technologies: selective laser melting (SLM), Metals (Basel). 14 (2024) 1–67 [Google Scholar]
  158. C. Zhuang, Z. Xu, S. Huang, Y. Xia, C. Wang, Q. Shen, In situ synthesis of a porous high-mn and high-Al steel by a novel two-step pore-forming technique in vacuum sintering, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 39 (2020) 82–88 [Google Scholar]
  159. P. Liu, D. Zhang, Y. Dai, J. Lin, Y. Li, C. Wen, Microstructure, mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility of porous Fe-Mn alloys fabricated by sponge impregnation and sintering techniques, Acta Biomater. 114 (2020) 485–496 [Google Scholar]
  160. H.D. Nguyen, A. Pramanik, A.K. Basak, Y. Dong, C. Prakash, S. Debnath, S. Shankar, I.S. Jawahir, S. Dixit, D. Buddhi, A critical review on additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V alloy: microstructure and mechanical properties, J. Mater. Res. Technol. 18 (2022) 4641–4661 [Google Scholar]
  161. S. Picak, M.W. Vaughan, O. El Atwani, A. Mott, K.R. Limmer, I. Karaman, Effects of chemical segregation on ductility-anisotropy in high strength Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight austenitic steels, Acta Mater. 245 (2023) 118589 [Google Scholar]
  162. J. Niu, G. Dai, Y. Guo, Z. Sun, Z. Dan, Y. Dong, H. Chang, I.V. Alexandrov, L. Zhou, Microstructure and mechanical properties of B modified Ti-Fe alloy manufactured by casting, forging and laser melting deposition, Compos. Part B Eng. 216 (2021) 108854 [Google Scholar]
  163. X. Zhang, H. Xu, Z. Li, A. Dong, D. Du, L. Lei, G. Zhang, D. Wang, G. Zhu, B. Sun, Effect of the scanning strategy on microstructure and mechanical anisotropy of hastelloy X superalloy produced by laser powder bed fusion, Mater. Charact. 173 (2021) 110951 [Google Scholar]
  164. H.Y. Wan, Z.J. Zhou, C.P. Li, G.F. Chen, G.P. Zhang, Effect of scanning strategy on mechanical properties of selective laser melted inconel 718, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 753 (2019) 42–48 [Google Scholar]
  165. Y. Song, Q. Sun, K. Guo, X. Wang, J. Liu, J. Sun, Effect of scanning strategies on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 793 (2020) 139879 [Google Scholar]
  166. J. Stef, A. Poulon-Quintin, A. Redjaimia, J. Ghanbaja, O. Ferry, M. De Sousa, M. Gouné, Mechanism of porosity formation and influence on mechanical properties in selective laser melting of Ti-6Al-4V parts, Mater. Des. 156 (2018) 480–493 [Google Scholar]
  167. P. Köhnen, S. Ewald, J.H. Schleifenbaum, A. Belyakov, C. Haase, Controlling microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured high-strength steels by tailored solidification, Addit. Manuf. 35 (2020) 101389 [Google Scholar]
  168. W. Li, J. Li, X. Duan, C. He, Q. Wei, Y. Shi, Dislocation-induced ultra-high strength in a novel steel fabricated using laser powder-bed-fusion, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 832 (2022) 142502 [Google Scholar]
  169. S.A.H. Motaman, C. Haase, The microstructural effects on the mechanical response of polycrystals: a comparative experimental-numerical study on conventionally and additively manufactured metallic materials, Int. J. Plast. 140 (2021) 102941 [Google Scholar]
  170. T. Niendorf, F. Brenne, P. Krooß, M. Vollmer, J. Günther, D. Schwarze, H. Biermann, Microstructural evolution and functional properties of Fe-Mn-Al-Ni shape memory alloy processed by selective laser melting, Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. 47 (2016) 2569–2573 [Google Scholar]
  171. S. Bland, N.T. Aboulkhair, Reducing porosity in additive manufacturing, Met. Powder Rep. 70 (2015) 79–81 [Google Scholar]
  172. P.R. Sreeraj, S.K. Mishra, P.K. Singh, A review on non-destructive evaluation and characterization of additively manufactured components, Prog. Addit. Manuf. 7 (2022) 225–248 [Google Scholar]
  173. A.K. Agrawal, D.J. Thoma, High-throughput surface characterization to identify porosity defects in additively manufactured 316L stainless steel, Addit. Manuf. Lett. 3 (2022) 100093 [Google Scholar]
  174. S. Sinha, T. Mukherjee, Mitigation of gas porosity in additive manufacturing using experimental data analysis and mechanistic modeling, Materials (Basel). 17 (2024), https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17071569 [Google Scholar]
  175. E. Hernández-Nava, P. Mahoney, C.J. Smith, J. Donoghue, I. Todd, S. Tammas-Williams, Additive manufacturing titanium components with isotropic or graded properties by hybrid electron beam melting/hot isostatic pressing powder processing, Sci. Rep. 9 (2019) 1–11 [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.